A rafter system is a set of bearing elements supporting geometry of the roof and the frame of roofing structure that gives it rigidity and a necessary slope. A composition, a section thickness and a layout of the parts of bearing roof system are determined with the help of estimation considering permanent and temporary loads. Rafter frame performs the following functions defining functionality of the roof: • It sets the geometry and a slope. Rafter spars give the roof a necessary slope angle and a shape that facilitates descent of snow or atmospheric precipitation from the surface.

Aluminum as a roofing material has become very popular quite recently. Although this metal is the most common metal in the crust; for the first time it was mined in 1825. The metal cost more expensive than gold until the industrial ways of mining aluminum were developed. In European countries aluminum roofs decorate not only industrial and public buildings but also actively use it for a private housing. In Russia the attitude to aluminum roofs is gradually beginning to change and today it is more and more firmly establishing in the market of a private housing.

Marble polishing is one of the kinds of finishing the surface of natural stone. This working process allows getting perfectly smooth surface of natural stone with a deep and almost plate gloss. The main advantage of such finishing is that polishing reveals a wealth of textures of natural marble and demonstrates its color as much as possible. The stone takes a fantastic smooth and glossy surface as a result of polishing process – close contact of the product with rotating felt material saturated with a polishing chemical. Marble polishing is also a way to make its surface maximally resistant to water exposure and atmosphere factors.

The function of operated roof is the possibility of its using for different purposes without the risk of mechanical damage. The structures of operated roofs are varied but the main feature remains unchangeable – it’s a possibility of using flat roof all the year round without fear of damage. Almost every flat roof can be turned to a platform for pedestrians. We carry out all the needed works for a turn-key application or repair of operated roofs with a documentary guarantee. Before carrying out installation works we try to estimate future loads on heat protection and waterproofing.

Why is the operated roof or terrace leaking? What to do if waterproofing of the floor in the balcony or terrace lets down and the leak becomes a headache? To understand the reasons it’s useful to know what the construction of terrace itself is and what problems can actual or a potential owners of the houses face? Reasons for leaking of waterproof barrier in the balcony and the terrace The most unpleasant problem of the house owner is a roof leaking. Would you agree that it’s unpleasant when after the next rain it drips on your head? The ceiling and walls are getting wet, paint is exfoliating, wood is swelling, wet sheetrock is going to collapse.

Swimming pools from natural stone is a real decoration of any spa zone. Stone has lively, nature, ecological energy that is able to charge a human organism. This natural energy source of the Sun and the Earth is perfectly well fit into any interior.

There is a flat roof in construction of 80 percent of industrial buildings and office centers. Such construction is economically favorable when constructing the building since in fact this is a standard enclosing ceiling with heat-protective and waterproofing coating. Modern architecture with its cubical shapes for megalopolis and towns most closely corresponds to flat roofing application. Flat roofing – inversion or classic? Flat roofing is one of the most widespread options for roofing application both of residential and industrial buildings. Kinds of flat roofs can be divided into single groups: Classic flat roof is a construction where the heat-protective coating is under the waterproofing layer.

Using mosaic and natural stone when finishing a water closet, a hammam, a shower room or a bathroom is always a winning move. Mosaic and stone are used for wall, floor and ceiling facing of hammam also exquisite border design, ledges in the shower, rounded surfaces. Natural stone and mosaic are rather expensive materials but they truly transform interior spaces adding elegance and style to them. Advantages of finishing bathrooms and hammams with natural stone and mosaic • Aesthetics and beauty. Rich palette of natural stone colors – every marble or granite tile has its own color and pattern. Natural tracery of veins and specks is never repeated. • Solidity and usability.

Nowadays ceramic and sand-cement tiles is one of the most enduring and expensive roofing materials. Despite the apparent similarity these roofing materials are produced using different technologies and from different raw materials. Ceramic tiles production technology Raw material for ceramic tiles serves pottery clay which is mixed with water and plasticizer. The resulting clay mass is compressed and squeezed onto the conveyor like a clay tape that is cut afterwards to the platters of certain size and pressed in special press-forms. After that molded clay platters are dried in chambers under continuous monitoring of humidity and temperature and then directed to baking.